Investigation and research on the relationship between bullying behavior and parenting styleof left-behind teenagers
留守青少年欺负行为与家庭教养方式关系调查研究

摘要

留守青少年群体已成为一个庞大的群体且数量日益扩大，留守经历可能会影响青少年身心健康的发展；欺负行为随着社会发展形式逐渐多样化，青少年在欺负行为中的参与率也呈上升趋势；家庭教养方式在青少年的成长发展中有重要影响；而目前对于留守青少年欺负行为和家庭教养方式的相关关系研究较少。关注留守青少年家庭教养方式和欺负行为的关系有利于优化留守青少年生活成长环境，帮助其建立良好的人际交往关系，从而使其身心茁壮成长，有利于维护社会稳定。本研究采用《欺负行为问卷中文版》、《父母教养方式量表》作为测量工具，对中部和西部793名 青少年进行调查，通过SPSS.19.0进行数据分析，得出如下结论：（1）留守青少年的欺负行为有以下特征：与青少年和非留守青少年相同，留守青少年中欺负行为都普遍存在，且男生更容易卷入欺负行为，初高中相比其他年龄段更容易卷入欺负行为，城镇欺负行为更严重。（2）留守青少年家庭教养方式有以下特征：与青少年和非留守青少年类似，留守青少年在性别和年龄上有相同特征，男生更易感受到负性教养方式，小学高年级更易感受到干涉保护，初高中和大学一二年级更易感受拒绝否认，不同生源地的留守青少年感受到的家庭教养方式类似；留守青少年与非留守青少年相比要感受更多负性教养方式。（3）留守青少年和青少年、非留守青少年一样，积极的家庭教养方式会减少欺负行为参与，负性教养方式会增加欺负行为参与。

Abstract

The group of left-behind youth has become a large group and the number is growing. The left-behind experience may affect the development of adolescents' physical and mental health; the bullying behavior is gradually diversified with the form of social development, and the participation rate of adolescents in bullying is also on the rise. The family education method has an important influence on the growth and development of adolescents; at present, there are few studies on the relationship between the left-behind youth bullying behavior and the family parenting style. Paying attention to the relationship between left-behind youth family education and bullying behavior is conducive to optimizing the living environment of left-behind teenagers and helping them to establish good interpersonal relationships, so that they can thrive in body and mind and help maintain social stability. In this study, the Chinese version of the Bullying Behavior Questionnaire and the Parental Parenting Style Scale were used as measurement tools to survey 793 adolescents in the central and western regions, and the data were analyzed through SPSS.19.0. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Staying behind Adolescent bullying has the following characteristics: same as adolescents and non-left-behind teenagers, bullying is common among left-behind adolescents, and boys are more likely to be involved in bullying. Primary and secondary schools are more likely to be involved in bullying than other age groups. The behavior is more serious. (2) The left-behind youth family rearing style has the following characteristics: similar to adolescents and non-left-behind youths, left-behind adolescents have the same characteristics in gender and age. Boys are more likely to feel negative parenting styles, and primary school seniors are more likely to feel interference protection. In high school and college, the first and second grades are more susceptible to denial. The left-behind youths in different places of origin feel similar in family rearing style; left-behind teenagers feel more negative parenting styles than non-left-behind youths. (3) Left-behind adolescents and adolescents, like non-left-behind teenagers, active family parenting styles will reduce bullying participation, and negative parenting styles will increase bullying participation.